Gum disease is a condition that develops in three stages: gingivitis, periodontitis, and advanced periodontitis. Gum disease causes inflammation in your gum tissue, which, over time, can lead to loss of bone structure and eventually, tooth loss. Patients can develop early-stage gum disease without noticing a significant change, so it is important to see your dentist regularly so that any issues can be caught and treated early.
Left untreated, gum disease can cause a lot of damage. Advanced periodontitis leads to the deterioration of gum tissue and bone structure. When your jawbone begins to deteriorate, your teeth can become loose and even fall out, which creates a domino effect of further bone and tooth loss.
Causes of Gum Disease
The most common reason patients develop gum disease is poor oral hygiene, but there are a number of things that can put someone at a higher risk for periodontal disease. These factors include: genetics, medications, malocclusion, crowded teeth, smoking, and even pregnancy. It is actually common for pregnant patients to develop gestational gum disease as the body goes through so many changes.
In its early stages, gum disease can be reversed, so if you suspect that you might have gingivitis or even periodontitis, it is important to see your dentist for a cleaning and exam so they can evaluate your gum tissue and provide any treatment necessary to stop the progression of gum disease.
Signs and Symptoms of Gum Disease
Most people know that if their gums are red and puffy that something may be wrong. Other signs and symptoms of gum disease include gums that bleed easily during brushing and flossing, bad breath, a change in your bite, or even changes in the way your dental restorations fit. Gum recession and loose teeth are symptoms indicating a more advanced form of gum disease and require immediate attention.
Progression of Gum Disease
Throughout the day, bacteria and food particles accumulate between teeth and in the gum pockets, and cause a buildup of plaque. Gingivitis begins to develop when the plaque is not regularly removed and calcifies into tartar, which requires a professional cleaning by your dental hygienist. It is important to maintain good oral hygiene to remove sticky plaque every day by brushing with a soft-bristle toothbrush at least twice a day and flossing at least once a day. It can also be beneficial to incorporate an antibacterial mouthwash into your oral care routine.
If you suspect that you might be developing gingivitis, visit your dentist and have any recommended treatment to prevent gingivitis from turning into periodontal disease. Even if you brush and floss like you should, tartar can still develop in hard-to-reach places and cause irritation and inflammation in the gum tissue and connective tissues, which is why it is so important to have a professional cleaning at least twice a year.