A gingivectomy is a procedure where gum tissue is surgically removed. A periodontist or gum specialist typically completes the treatment which is intended to resolve gum disease. Gingivectomy can also be a cosmetic surgery which improves the smile’s appearance. The recovery from a gingivectomy takes an average of a week and produces permanent, long-term results.
Gingivectomy
The gingivectomy works by removing overgrown gum tissue. The goal of the treatment is to resolve gum disease. Periodontists can also use a gingivectomy to cosmetically resolve what is called a gummy smile. This occurs when excess gum tissue makes the teeth look short and negatively impacts the patient’s smile.
Types of Gingivectomy
Below is a summary of the two different types of gingivectomies which can be performed:
- Traditional: With this type of gingivectomy, the surgeon uses a scalpel for the removal of excess gum tissue. A small amount of underlying bone tissue may also need to be removed. Sutures are typically used to slow bleeding and close the wound.
- Laser: During a laser gingivectomy, the surgeon will use a handheld laser for removing excess gum tissue. Lasers have the unique ability to seal or cauterize the gum tissue which eliminates the need for sutures.
Gingivectomy Candidates
A gingivectomy is often used for patients with the following issues:
- Moderate to severe gum disease
- Overgrowth of excess gum tissue
- Periodontal pockets or receding gums
- Following braces or another type of orthodontic treatment
Medications
There are also certain types of medications which can result in the growth of excess gum tissue. This may include high blood pressure medications and immunosuppressants. Patients who develop puffy, overgrown gums after taking a new medication should follow up with their doctor to discuss the side effects. It may be possible to modify the dosage or try another medication to resolve the issue.
Procedure
Below is a summary of the steps involved in a gingivectomy:
- Anesthesia: The surgeon will begin the procedure with a local anesthetic. This numbs the gums to ensure patients remain comfortable and do not experience pain. Sedation can also be used to help patients remain calm.
- Gum tissue removal: A scalpel or laser is then used to remove the overgrown or excess gum tissue.
- Reshaping gums: Following the removal of excess gum tissue, the surgeon will reshape the gums to ensure the gums are proportionate to the teeth.
- Reshape bones: The surgeon may also need to reshape the underlying bone to achieve the desired results. They will make small incisions along the gum line in order to access and modify the bone.
- Sutures: Sutures will then be used to close the surgery site and prevent additional bleeding. A laser gingivectomy typically eliminates the need for this step in the process.
- Closure: A soft putty material may be placed over the surgical site to ensure it is protected. The materials will typically fall out on their own. If it does not fall out, it will be removed during the follow-up appointment.
Duration
A gingivectomy takes an average of 30 to 60 minutes. The time for the procedure depends on the number of teeth which require treatment.
Aftercare
Because a gingivectomy is an outpatient procedure, patients are able to go home following treatment. It may take a few hours for the local anesthetic to wear off completely. The periodontist and dental team will provide patients with specific aftercare instructions which should be closely followed.
Contact the office to meet with the team and determine if you may benefit from a gingivectomy.